What is the difference between decoding and encoding?

Decoding and encoding are fundamental concepts in literacy, particularly in the processes of reading and writing. Decoding refers to the ability to convert written text into spoken words, which involves recognizing and understanding the sounds associated with letters and letter combinations. Essentially, it is how a reader interprets the text they encounter and translates it into verbal language.

Encoding, on the other hand, is the reverse process. It involves spelling and writing words by translating the sounds of spoken language into written form. This means that an individual takes the sounds they hear and represents them with letters and letter combinations.

The choice indicating that decoding is reading written text aligns perfectly with the definition of decoding. Similarly, it accurately describes encoding as the process of spelling by translating sounds into written form. This reflects how individuals learn to connect their understanding of sounds and letters to both read and write effectively.