What phase describes a learner beginning to recognize letters and recall words by visual cues?

The phase that best describes a learner beginning to recognize letters and recall words by visual cues is the Pre-alphabetic Phase. In this phase, learners are typically still developing an understanding of the connection between letters and sounds. They may rely on visual recognition rather than phonetic decoding to identify words. This means they can recognize familiar words and some letters based on their shape or visual characteristics, which allows them to recall certain words by sight without yet grasping the underlying alphabetic principles. This reliance on visual cues is a hallmark of the Pre-alphabetic Phase, as learners are starting to become aware of print but have not yet developed a systematic understanding of how letters correlate to the sounds they represent.